Means for steam generation



Jan. 3, 1933.

P. R. DELLING MEANS FOR STEAM GENERATION Filed Dec. 12, 1950 Patented Jan. 3, 1933 PAUL R. DELLIN G, OF HADDON HEIGHTS, NEW JERSEY MEANS FOR STEAM GENERATION .Application filed December 12, 1930. Serial No. 501,792.

My invention relates to steam generation steam generation for motor vehicles, it has and comprises improved means for applying been found necessary to counteract the tendheat derived from vaporized fuel to the genency destructively to overheat the upper eration of steam. The invention is especialareas of the grate by the heat of the flame 1y adapted for steam engine driven vehicles burning at the lover areas. This has been in which space and weight limitations are accoi'nplished by the combined effect of procontrolling factors. jecting the flame and withdrawing burnt The invention comprises a steam generator products as above described, constructing the associated with a combustion chamber, a mix grate with parts between the perforated areas 1 ing chamber for receiving and mixing vaporprojecting well into the mixing chamber, and ized liquid fuel and air, and avertically ar-- of providing the grate with substantial marranged grate forming the dividing wall or ginal metal portions protected from the dipartition between the mixing chamber and rect heat of combustion by heavy blocks of the combustion chamber, said grate having insulating material, so that the said cooler 15 a multitude of burner vents corresponding marginal or flange portions shall reduce, by in area of distribution approximately with conduction, the temperature of adjacent the cross-section areas of both chambers. grate areas. In this way a surprisingly Means are provided whereby the eombustisimple and effective method has been found his mixture formed in the mixing chamber, to control the temperature of the grate proper 20 passes through the grate orifices or burner without impairing the heat efficiency for vents, to be burned in the combustion chamsteam generating purposes. her, and the heat from the burning fuel is Another feature of the invention is the caused to move in substantially horizontal method and means for maintaining the valines of travel through the steam generator porized fuel at high temperature up to the 25 or boiler. This horizontal. movement of the point of delivering into the mixing chamheatof theflame and burntproductsis secured her. This is ccomplished by enclosing the by directing the combustible mixture through fuel pipe leading from the vaporizing tube horizontally directed vents in the vertical and the nozzle connected therewith and degrate by providing a tubular boiler arlivering to the mixing chamber, within asubranged to facilitate the flow of heat therestantially closed chamber communicating through uniformly distributed and in subwith the combustion chamber and positioned stantially horizontal lines of travel, and by above the top thereof, so that said pipe and discharging or withdrawing the burnt prodnozzle will be at all times maintained at note from near the bottom or lower part of approximately the temperature of the com- 35 the space provided on the side of the boiler bustion chamber. which is opposite that of the combustion Another feature of the invention is the chamber the result of which is that the dimethod and means for heating the air which rect heat of combustion is near but never be is induced into the mixing chamber by the low the water at the bottom of the generator, inductive action of the vaporized fuel. This 40 and an extremely even distribution of heat is accomplished by providing an air chamber t to the generator is maintained. The natural in close proximity with the combustion chamtendency of the heat to travel upwardly from her and the chamber in communication there the grate is sufliciently counteracted to secure with which partially surrounds said air the desired results by this method of prochamber, and by positioning or controlling jecting the flame horizontally and of withthe intake to said air chamber, so as to prodrawing the burnt products from the lower tect the same from the cooling or other unpart of the space provided therefor. desirable effects of the outside atmosphere. In order successfully to use the vertical Referring to the drawing, which illusgrate, instead of the horizontal grate, which trates, merely by way of example, suitable has been heretofore used in connection with means for effecting the invention Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 1, 1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line 2, 2 of Fig. 1.

5 Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the plane of line 3 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throu hout, the several views.

In Fig. 1 is shown the steam generator or boiler having horizontal fire tubes, en-

closed within walls forming, at one end of the boiler, the combustion chamber 11, having the vertical grate 12 forming one wall thereof, and, at the other end thereof, the space 11a for burnt products and the chimney exit 13 delivering from the lower part of said space. At the opposite ends of the horizontal fire tubes 14 are provided substantial spacesin the space 11 to the right of the fire tubes (see Fig. 1) are positioned the fuel Vaporizers 17 and 18, and also the steam superheater 19. In the space 11a to the left is positioned the feedwater heater 20. Above the fire tubes 14 of the generator or boiler 10 is the steam dome 21, and at the bottom is the settling space 22 provided with the blowoif pipe 23-. The steam superheater 19 is connected to the engine by suitable piping not shown. The feedwater heater 20 is connected 7 to a suitable water supply not shown. The

normal water level in the steam dome is approximately on the broken line 24.

There are two Vaporizers 17 and 18, in loop formation, each acting exactly in the same way. These Vaporizers are connected to pipes 25 and 26 respectively, delivering from a source of fluid fuel under pressure, not shown.

These Vaporizers deliver to the heads 27 and 28 respectively, which in turn deliver through branch pipes 29 to the discharge nozzles 30, which in turn deliver to the vertically arranged mixing tubes 31 within the mixing chambers 32. It will be noted that each of the Vaporizers 17 and 18 forms two complete loops in front of the grate, and that the delivering end and its head lie directly in front of a pilot 3 1, so that the head forms a; superheater for the vaporized fuel delivered to nozzles 30.

The mixing chamber 32 is separated from the combustion chamber 11 by the vertical grate 12. This mixing chamber, in the present example, is divided into four compartments, each'provided with a mixing tube 31. The'grate 12 is provided with two vertically extending channels 33, one in about the middle part of each half thereof. 'Within the channels 33 are positioned the pilots 3.4 60 extending downwardly from a point above the grate 12. These pilots are exactly alike,

having perforated areas flush with the flanking perforated areas of the grate '12.

These pilots are supplied with combustible .85 mixture by means enclosed in housing 43,

separated from and unaffected by the heat of the main combustion chamber 11. The usual electricignition devices, such as resistance wires 35 and 35', are associated with the pilots.

The vertical grate 12 is in corrugated form, that is, provided with vertically arranged perforated strips or areas 36 extending from top to bottom of the grate with interposed imperforate channeled strips 37 of V-shaped cross-section, as shown in Fig. 3. These integral imperforate V-shaped channeled strips 37 project well into the mixing chamber. They yield sufficiently to permit contraction and expansion of the grate as a whole to prevent breaking. They extend far enough into the mixing chamber to impart heat, by conduction from the adjacent perforated burner areas, to the combustible mixture. The incoming cooler air and fuel thus absorbs: heat from the grate as a whole and thus contributes in maintaining the temperature of the grate within safe limits. The grate body 12 is also provided with substantial marginal flanges such as 38 and 38", for connection with the walls forming the combustion chamber 11', on the one side, and the mixing chamber 32 on the other side. The flanges 38 on the combustion side of the grate are protected by heavy blocks 39,- of suitable heat insulating material. 7

It will be noted that the discharge ends or heads 27 and 28 of the Vaporizers, the branch pipes 29 and the nozzles 30 are allv enclosed in chambers 10, located above and in communication with the. combustion: chamber 11, that is, up to the extreme discharge end of the nozzles 30, so that the temperature of the vaporized fuel is maintained close. to that of the combustion chamber, up to the point of discharge into the mixing. tubes 31. It will also be noted that the vaporized fuel is discharged into the mixing tubes 31 through air chambers 41, from which the air to be mixed with the fuel is induced into the mixing tubes by the injected fuel- These chambers 41 are nearly surrounded by the chambers: 40 and partake of the heat thereof, and the intakes to said, chambers 11 may obviously be so. located or controlled asto protect the chambers from the cooling effects, or atmospheric conditions, of the outside air. 8

In operation-In starting the; device the pilot is in the first instance provided with a combustible mixture comprising a liquid fuel which is vaporized andmi'xed with preheated air and the combustible mixture ignitedby an electric heating resistance- The pilot causes the preliminary heating of the main vaporizer after which the fuel is turned into said main vaporizer from which it is delivered, mixed with air, into the main mixing. chamber 32 from whence it issues through the multitude of grate burner vents and is ignited. by the pilot. After the ignition of the combustiblemixture passing through the pilot grate 84, the current may be cut out of the heating resistance elements and the pilot may be kept burning.

The invention resides especially in the arrangement for steam generation, as above described, of the grate with respect to the mixing chamber and to the combustion chamber and the generator or boiler associated therewith; in the arrangement of the exit for burnt products, the means provided for protecting the grate from destructive overheating, and the means for maintaining the vaporized fuel and air at required temperature at the point of entrance to the mixing chamber.

All of said features are combined to provide maximum constant heat from vaporized fuel for the even and constant generation of steam, without danger of injury to the generator by cause of excessive heat applied to parts thereof which are liable to become unprotected by water. The heat so applied to said steam generation being derived from a combust on which is, to the greatest possible extent, unaffected by changes in atmospheric conditions.

hat I claim is:

1. In a device of the character describ l, the combination of a straight horizontal tu bular boiler arranged to facilitate tne flow of heattherethrough uniformly distributed and in substantially horizontal lines of travel, a combustion chamber arranged at one end of said boiler, and a burner arranged on the opposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler, said burner comprising a mixing clmmber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate forming the dividing wall between the m i chamber and combustion chamber, said having a multi espon ling approiiima in area of (llS lliull't-lfjll, with ac of the boiler tube ends.

2. f the character described, be c ion of a strai ht horizontal tubular coiler arranged to facilitate the flow of heat therethrough uniformly distributed and in substantially horizontal lines of travel, a combustirm ch mber arranged at one end of said boiler, and a burner arranged on the oiposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler, said burner comprising a mixing chamber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate forming the dividing wall between the mining chamher a d the combustion chamber, said grate having a multitude of burner-vents corresponding approximately in area of distribution, with the group area of the boiler tube ends, and means forming an enclosed. space for burnt products on the opposite side of the boiler from that of the combustion chamber provided with an exit for burnt products near the lower part of said space.

g' appicfinately, in area of distributi n, with the cup area of the boiler tube eudforming an enclosed space for products on the opposite s de of the from that of the combustion boiler :dwa cr heater enclosed within sai-c space 1.,'. "Y. ,L ioi aunn :1 OullCtS positioned at r part of said space.

. a dei c of fl a -c rne clue a f a straight .lar boiler arrange. to fuel thercthrou; unifcri'nly distdburcd .bstantial :lOl'lZUlll'ill lines or crai stion cha nber arranged at one and s id boiler, and a burner arranged on the side of said combustion chamber said burner compr a or air and vapor substantiali vertical grate f. die dividing wall ctween the n .nin her and the combustion chamber, havir grate a multitude of burner /ents corrapproximately in area of distril tion, with the group area of the boiler ends, sa'd mixing chamber having a rality of compartments, each of which is provided with a mixing tube for delivering tlier-oto heated air and vaporized fuel. '7

In a device of the character e combination of a straight horizont )Ulfi" boiler arranged to facilitate of heat therethrough uniformly di and in substantially horizontal lines oi a combustion chamber arranged at one end of said. boiler, and a burner arranged on the opposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler, said burner comprising mixing chamber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate fori'ning the dividing wall between tne mixing chairiber and the combustion chamber, said grate provided with a multitude of burner vents arranged in areas separated by V-shaped imperforate channel formations projecting, from the plane of the burner-vent areas, into the mixing chamber, the combined reas of said burner vents corresponding approximately with the group area of the boiler tube ends.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination of a straight horizontal tubular boiler arranged to facilitate the flow of heat therethr'ough uniformly distributed and in substantially horizontal lines of travel, a combustion chamber arranged at one end of said boiler, and a burner arranged on the opvposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler, said burner comprising a mixing chamber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate forming the dividing Wall between the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber, said grate having a multitude of burner-vents corresponding approximately in area of distribution, With the group area of the boiler tube ends and a conductor for delivering vaporized fuel at high temperature to said mixing chamber, so pos1- tioned an enclosed as to partake of the heat of the combustion chamber up to the point of said delivery.

7. In a device of the character described, the combination of a straight horizontal tubular boiler arranged to facilitate the flow of heat therethrough, uniformly distributed and in substantially horizontal lines of travel, a combustion chamber arranged at one end of said boiler, and a burner arranged on the opposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler, said burner comprising a mixing chamber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate forming the dividing Wall between the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber, said grate having a multitude of burner-vents corresponding approximately, in area of distribution, with the group area of the boiler tube ends, and means for heating the air induced ith the fuel comprising chambers and passages arranged so as to partake of the heat of the combustion chamber up to the point of said induction.

8. In a device of the character described, the combination of a horizontal fire-tube boiler, a combustion chamber arranged at one end of said boiler, and a burner arranged on the opposite side of said combustion chamber from said boiler,'said burner comprising a mixing chamber for air and vaporized fuel and a substantially vertical grate forming the dividing Wall between the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber, said grate having a multitude of burner-vents corresponding approximately, in area of distribution, With the group area of the boiler tube ends. I

PAUL R. DELLING. 

